to expand
1. Should my sample and hold time be 0.28ms?
your hold time should start after .28ms, and holding the peak value between 0ms and .28ms
2. If so then should I wait for next 0.04ms + 9.68ms to collect my next ADC value as the next input pulse needs that much time to arrive?
Your next sample should start on your next pulse to the LED which is 9.68ms
3. If 1 and 2 are correct, how can I set up my ADC for this?
ADC setup is a case by case basis, and will be trial and error. but a good place to start is the code examples for your chip, and the user gu